War of 1812 Era · 1805

Treaty with the Delawares, etc. (Grouseland), 1805

ID T-0036

Date 1805-08-21

Articles 1

Instrument Note

Parties

United States and the Delaware, Potawatomi, Miami, and Eel River Nations

Context

Executed at Grouseland, Vincennes on August 21, 1805. Harrison's third major instrument of 1805, continuing the northwestern cession program.

Significance

Multiple nations ceded additional territory adjacent to prior Greenville and Harrison cessions. The instrument uses the same multi-nation consolidation structure as T-0027 — multiple nations signing a single instrument with standardized terms. Additional annuity payments are the primary consideration, supplemented by goods. The territorial description specifies a large tract in present-day Indiana.

Legal Observation

By 1805, Harrison had completed a systematic extinguishment of Indian title across most of what is now Ohio and large portions of Indiana and Illinois — all within four years of the Louisiana Purchase. The pace was possible because the treaty instrument had become a standardized administrative tool. The legal form was consistent. The diplomatic reality behind it was not.

their proportion of the purchases effected by this treaty, and also by a treaty with said companies bearing even date herewith; which propor- tions were agreed on and concluded by the whole of said nations in their general council; which several sums, together with two thousand nine hundred and sixteen dollars and sixty seven cents, secured to the President, to raise said sum of one hundred and seventy five dollars annuity as aforesaid, is the amount of the consideration paid by the agents of the Connecticut Reserve, for the cession of their lands. Arr. VI. The said Indian nations, parties to this treaty, shall be at liberty to fish and hunt within the territory and lands which they have now ceded to the United States, so long as they shall demean themselves peaceably.

In WITNESS WHEREOF

, Charles Jouett, esquire, a commissioner on the part of the United States, and the sachems, chiefs, and war- riors of the Indian nations aforesaid, have hereto set their hands and seals. CHARLES JOUETT. Oitawa. Aubaway, Nekiek, or Little Otter, Ogonse, Kawachewan, or Eddy, Sawgamaw, Mechimenduck, or Big Bowl, Tusquagan, or M:Carty, TREATY WITH THE CHICKASAWS. 1805. 89 T'ondawganie, or the Dog, Thateyyanayoh, or Leather Lips, Ashawet. Harrowenyou, or Cherokee Boy, f Tschauendah, Chippawa. : Tahunehawetee, or Adam Brown, Macquettoquet, or Little Bear, Shawrunthie. Quitchonequit, or Big Cloud, Queoonequetwabaw, Munsee and Delaware. Oscaguasanu, or Young Boy, Puckconsittond, Monimack, or Cat Fish, Paahmehelot, Tonguish. Pamoxet, or Armstrong, Potawatima. Pappellelond, or Beaver Hat. Noname, Shawanee. Mogawh. Weyapeirscawaw, or Blue Jacket, Cutheaweasaw, or Black Hoff, Wyandots. Auonasechla, or Civil Man, Tarhee, or the Crane, Isaac Peters. Miere, or Walk in Water, Signed in presence of Wm. Dean, C. F. L. €. J, B. Mower. Jasper Parrish, Whit- more Knaggs, Wm. Walker, Interpreters. Israel Ruland. E. Brush. To tho Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal, ARTICLES Of arrangement made and concluded in the Chickasaw country, July 93, 1805. between James Robertson and Silas Dinsmoor, commissioners of Fema > . s roclamation, the United States of the one part, and the Mingo chiefs and May 93, 1807. warriors of the Chickasaw nation of Indians on the other part. PET d Arr. I. Wuereas the Chickasaw nation of Indians have been for Cession of ter- some time embarrassed by heavy debts due to their merchants and ritory to U.S. traders, and being destitute of funds to effect important improvements in their country, they have agreed and do hereby agree to cede to the United States, and forever quit claim to the tract of country included within the following bounds, to wit : beginning on the left bank of Ohio, at the point where the present Indian boundary adjoins the same, thence down the left bank of Ohio to the Tennessee river, thence up the main channel of the T'ennessee river to the mouth of Duck river ; thence up the left bank of Duck river to the Columbian highway or road leading from Nashville to Natchez, thence along the said road to the ridge di- viding the waters running into Duck river from those running into Buf- faloe river, thence eastwardly along the said ridge to the great ridge dividing the waters running into the main Tennessee river from those running into Buffaloe river near the main source of Buffaloe river, thence in a direct line to the Great Tennessee river near the Chickasaw old fields or eastern point of the Chickasaw claim on that river; thence northwardly to the great ridge dividing the waters running into the Tennessee from those running into Cumberland river, so as to include all the waters running into Elk river, thence along the top of the said great ridge to the place of beginning: reserving a tract of one mile square adjoining to, and below the mouth of Duck river on the Ten- nessee, for the use of the chief O'Koy or Tishumastubbee. Arr. II. The United States on their part, and in consideration of ^ Consideration the above cession, agree to make the following payments, to wit: for said grant. ‘Twenty thousand dollars for the use of the nation at large, and for the payment of the debts due to their merchants and traders; and to George to be appointed to ascertain the boundary. No citizen of U. S. allowed. to settle on said tract. These articles to be considered as permanent additions to for- mer treaties.

Source: U.S. Statutes at Large, Vol. VII. Edited by Richard Peters, Esq. Boston: Charles C. Little and James Brown, 1846. Reprinted by Dennis & Co., Inc., Buffalo, N.Y., 1962. Source lines 8951–9094.